Current status and hotspot of minimally invasive surgery for pancreatic head carcinoma / 中华外科杂志

With the improvement of laparoscopic equipment and surgical technology,pancreatic surgery has entered the "minimally invasive era".However,the use of minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic head cancer remains controversial.In recent years,China's pancreatic surgeons have been at the forefront of the world in terms of surgical technology,however,surgical philosophy, selection of indication,and perioperative management should be further stregthened. Additionally, the development of medical standards in various regions of China is seriously uneven,and minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy still needs to be further standardized and popularized.Through this article,the author discusses the development status of minimally invasive surgery for pancreatic head cancer and related hot topics with fellow surgeons,in order to further improve the standard diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer in China.

Calcium Participates in Migration of VSMCS Synergistically Induced by Cyclic Stretch and Platelet-Derived Microvesicles / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the synergistic effects of pathologically elevated cyclic stretch and platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) on migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the potential role of calcium in this process. Methods The FX-5000T strain loading system was used to apply cyclic stretch to VSMCs with magnitudes of 5% and 15%, which simulated physiological and hypertensive situation respectively in vitro; wound healing assay was used to analyze VSMCs migration; Ca2+-free medium was used to remove extracellular calcium; 2-APB (an antagonist of IP3R) was used to inhibit the release of intercellular stored calcium; GSK219 (an antagonist of TRPV4) and Nifedipine (an inhibitor of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel) were applied to block the activity of respective calcium channel; thrombin was used to stimulate platelets in vitro which simulated the hypertensive activation of PMVs in vivo. ResultsCompared with 5% cyclic stretch, 15% cyclic stretch significantly promoted VSMC migration. Removal of extracellular calcium inhibited VSMCs migration, but the application of GSK219 and Nifedipine did not affect the migration up-regulated by 15% cyclic stretch; while 2-APB which inhibited the release of intracellular stored calcium could also repress VSMCs migration under 15% cyclic stretch. PMVs further promoted VSMC migration under 15% cyclic stretch condition, and both extracellular calcium and intercellular stored calcium were involved in this process. Conclusions Both intracellular and extracellular calcium play important roles in VSMC migration induced by 15% cyclic stretch, and PMVs synergistically participate in the above process. The study is aimed to provide new mechanobiological insights into the molecular mechanism and clinical targets of vascular remodeling in hypertension.

Effects of IRA and UV alone or in combination on skin photoaging in mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To detect the expression of MMP-13 in the skin of mice treated by near-infrared (IRA) and ultraviolet (UV) so as to observe their effects on skin photoaging and their interrelation and explore molecular mechanisms in IRA-induced skin photoaging. Methods: Male ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (without ray exposure), IRA group, UV group, IRA/UV group, and UV/IRA group. The mice in the latter four groups had their dorsal skin exposed to different radiated ray respectively. The levels of MMP-13 protein and mRNA in the exposed skin were detected by HE, immunohistochemical method, Western blot and real-time PCR. Results: Both skin lesions by visual inspection and H&E staining results showed that mice in the other four groups had skin photoaging in the exposed skin area compared with the control group. The levels of MMP-13 protein and mRNA in the exposed skin in IRA/UV and UV/IRA groups were significantly higher than those in the control mice (P<0.05). In addition, mice in IRA/UV group showed higher levels of MMP-13 protein and mRNA than those in UV/IRA group (P<0.05). Conclusion: ① IRA causes skin photoaging in mice. ② UV and IRA interact with each other, up-regulate the expression of MMP-13, and promote each other in the process of photoaging. ③ The effects of IRA and UV in combination on skin photoaging are closely related to order of exposure. Taken together, avoiding IRA exposure and the expression of MMP-13 play an important role in preventing skin wrinkle formation and treatment of photoaging in mice.

Construction of influenza B virus vero cell adapted strain by genetic reassortment / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To construct influenza B virus Vero cell adapted strain by genetic recombination technology by using the influenza B virus Vero cell adapted strain as the parent strain.@*Methods@#The chick embryo and Vero cell were co-infected with influenza virus Vero cell adapted strain B/Malaysia/2506/2004 Va (Bv) and the vaccine strain B/massachusetts/2/2012 (BX-51B) recommended by WHO. The reassortants were screened with the anti-Bv serum. Plaque-purified reassortants were used to screen for Vero cell-adapted influenza B virus strains containing the surface antigen of the epidemic strain.@*Results@#A Vero cell-adapted influenza B virus strain was obtained with successive passage in Vero cells. The hemagglutination inhibition test and the one-way immunogold agar diffusion test both showed that the reassortant virus was homologous to NYMC BX-51B, and sequence analysis result showed that the reassortment virus has the same HA and NA gene with the vaccine strain.@*Conclusion@#B/Malaysia/2506/2004Va (Bv) can be used as a parent strain to prepare Vero cell vaccine against influenza B virus.

Effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on bacterial translocation in burned or septic rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background:@#Antibiotics are frequently used to treat critically ill patients, and its use is often accompanied by intestinal dysbiosis that might further lead to bacterial translocation (BT). Nevertheless, studies on the relationship between antibiotic therapy and BT are rare. In the present study, we investigated the effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on BT in an experimental rat model of burn or sepsis injury.@*Methods:@#The septic rat model was simulated by a second insult with lipopolysaccharides after burn injury. Ninety-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, burn, and sepsis groups (n = 8 or 9, each group), and the latter two groups were then treated with imipenem or ceftriaxone for 3 or 9 days. The mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and blood were collected at each time point under sterile conditions for quantitative bacterial culture and strain identification. The differences between the groups were compared by Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test.@*Results:@#Only minimal Escherichia coli translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes was observed in the normal control group, in which the BT rate was 12.5%. Burn injury did not affect the BT rate (Burn group vs. Control group, 12.5% vs. 12.5%, P = 1.000), whereas the BT rate showed an increased trend after the second insult with lipopolysaccharide (Sepsis group vs. Control group, 44.4% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.294), and many strains of Enterobacteria spp. were detected in distant organs (liver, lung, and blood) [Sepsis group vs. Control group, 0 (0,3) vs. 0 (0,0), U = 20, P = 0.045]. After the antibiotic treatment, BT to the distant organs was increased in burned rats [Burn IT3 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,2) vs. 0 (0,0); Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,1) vs. 0 (0,0); Burn CT9 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,2) vs. 0 (0,0); all U = 20 and P = 0.076] but decreased in septic rats [Sepsis CT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 0 (0,0) vs. 0 (0,3), U = 20, P = 0.045]. The total amount of translocated bacteria, regardless of which antibiotic was used, was increased in burned rats [Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 2.389 (0,2.845) vs. 0 (0,2.301) Log10 colony-forming units (CFU)/g, U = 14, P = 0.034; Burn CT3 group vs. Burn group, 2.602 (0,3.633) vs. 0 (0,2.301) Log10 CFU/g, U = 10.5, P = 0.009], but there was a slightly decreased trend in septic rats [Sepsis IT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2.301 (2,3.146) vs. 0 (0,4.185) Log10 CFU/g, U = 36, P = 0.721; Sepsis CT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2 (0,3.279) vs. 0 (0,4.185) Log10 CFU/g, U = 32.5, P = 0.760]. Remarkably, the quantity of Enterococci spp. dramatically increased after broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment in both the burned and septic groups [Burn IT3 group vs. Burn group, 1 (0,5.164) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 16; Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 1 (0,2.845) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 16; Burn CT3 group vs. Burn group, 2.602 (0,3.633) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 8; Burn CT9 group vs. Burn group, 1 (0,4.326) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 16; Sepsis IT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 2.477 (0,2.903) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 4.5; Sepsis IT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2 (0,3.146) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 9; Sepsis CT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 1.151 (0,2.477) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 18; Sepsis CT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2 (0,3) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 13.5; all P < 0.05].@*Conclusions:@#Broad-spectrum antibiotics promote BT in burned rats but prevent BT in septic rats, especially preventing BT to distant organs, such as the liver and lung. Moreover, Enterococci spp. with high drug resistance and high pathogenicity translocated most after antibiotic treatment.

Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Facilitates the Growth of Interspinal Schwannoma Cells by Activating NGF Receptors

OBJECTIVE: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a member of the neurotrophic factor family and plays a vital role in the physiological processes of organisms, especially in the nervous system. Many recent studies have reported that NGF is also involved in the regulation of tumourigenesis by either promoting or suppressing tumor growth, which depends on the location and type of tumor. However, little is known regarding the effect of NGF on interspinal schwannoma (IS). In the present study, we aimed to explored whether mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF), which is widely used in the clinic, can influence the growth of interspinal schwannoma cells (ISCs) isolated from IS in vitro.METHODS: ISCs were isolated, cultured and identified by S-100 with immunofluorescence analysis. S-100-positive cells were divided into five groups, and separately cultured with various concentrations of mNGF (0 [phosphate buffered saline, PBS], 40, 80, 160, and 320 ng/mL) for 24 hours. Western blot and quantantive real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were applied to detect tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) receptor and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) in each group. Crystal violet staining was selected to assess the effect of mNGF (160 ng/mL) on ISCs growth.RESULTS: ISCs growth was enhanced by mNGF in a dose-dependent manner. The result of crystal violet staining revealed that it was significantly strengthened the cells growth kinetics when cultured with 160 ng/mL mNGF compared to PBS group. Western blot and quantantive real time PCR discovered that TrkA receptor and mRNA expression were both up-regualated under the condition of mNGF, expecially in 160 ng/mL, while the exoression of p75(NTR) demonstrated no difference among groups.CONCLUSION: From these data, we conclude that exogenous mNGF can facilitate ISC growth by activating both TrkA receptor and p75(NTR). In addition, patients who are suffering from IS should not be administered mNGF in the clinic.

Comprehensive treatment of liver metastasis of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms / 中国实用外科杂志

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(p NENs)are noted for its great variety and wide heterogeneity.The incidence is increasing gradually.Liver metastasis is not the contraindication of surgery of p NENs.Surgery is consider as a significant role in the multi-disciplinary team about treating p NENs.Although p NENs liver metastasis is relatively rare,its overall prognosis is significantly better than that of patients with pancreatic cancer liver metastasis.It is of great significance to grasp the indications and principles of surgical treatment for improving the survival of patients.Despite the relevant guidelines for diagnosis and treatment,the choice of surgical treatment options and the grasp of surgical indications for p NENs liver metastasis are still controversial.All pancreatic centers should give full play to the advantages of MDT and formulate individualized treatment plans for patients.Meanwhile,hospitals at all levels should strengthen cooperation to reduce missed diagnosis,misdiagnosis and mistreatment,and further standardize the surgical diagnosis and treatment of p NENs liver metastasis in China.

Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Facilitates the Growth of Interspinal Schwannoma Cells by Activating NGF Receptors

OBJECTIVE: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a member of the neurotrophic factor family and plays a vital role in the physiological processes of organisms, especially in the nervous system. Many recent studies have reported that NGF is also involved in the regulation of tumourigenesis by either promoting or suppressing tumor growth, which depends on the location and type of tumor. However, little is known regarding the effect of NGF on interspinal schwannoma (IS). In the present study, we aimed to explored whether mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF), which is widely used in the clinic, can influence the growth of interspinal schwannoma cells (ISCs) isolated from IS in vitro. METHODS: ISCs were isolated, cultured and identified by S-100 with immunofluorescence analysis. S-100-positive cells were divided into five groups, and separately cultured with various concentrations of mNGF (0 [phosphate buffered saline, PBS], 40, 80, 160, and 320 ng/mL) for 24 hours. Western blot and quantantive real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were applied to detect tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) receptor and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) in each group. Crystal violet staining was selected to assess the effect of mNGF (160 ng/mL) on ISCs growth. RESULTS: ISCs growth was enhanced by mNGF in a dose-dependent manner. The result of crystal violet staining revealed that it was significantly strengthened the cells growth kinetics when cultured with 160 ng/mL mNGF compared to PBS group. Western blot and quantantive real time PCR discovered that TrkA receptor and mRNA expression were both up-regualated under the condition of mNGF, expecially in 160 ng/mL, while the exoression of p75(NTR) demonstrated no difference among groups. CONCLUSION: From these data, we conclude that exogenous mNGF can facilitate ISC growth by activating both TrkA receptor and p75(NTR). In addition, patients who are suffering from IS should not be administered mNGF in the clinic.

Effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on bacterial translocation in burned or septic rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Antibiotics are frequently used to treat critically ill patients, and its use is often accompanied by intestinal dysbiosis that might further lead to bacterial translocation (BT). Nevertheless, studies on the relationship between antibiotic therapy and BT are rare. In the present study, we investigated the effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on BT in an experimental rat model of burn or sepsis injury.@*METHODS@#The septic rat model was simulated by a second insult with lipopolysaccharides after burn injury. Ninety-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, burn, and sepsis groups (n = 8 or 9, each group), and the latter two groups were then treated with imipenem or ceftriaxone for 3 or 9 days. The mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and blood were collected at each time point under sterile conditions for quantitative bacterial culture and strain identification. The differences between the groups were compared by Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test.@*RESULTS@#Only minimal Escherichia coli translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes was observed in the normal control group, in which the BT rate was 12.5%. Burn injury did not affect the BT rate (Burn group vs. Control group, 12.5% vs. 12.5%, P = 1.000), whereas the BT rate showed an increased trend after the second insult with lipopolysaccharide (Sepsis group vs. Control group, 44.4% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.294), and many strains of Enterobacteria spp. were detected in distant organs (liver, lung, and blood) [Sepsis group vs. Control group, 0 (0,3) vs. 0 (0,0), U = 20, P = 0.045]. After the antibiotic treatment, BT to the distant organs was increased in burned rats [Burn IT3 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,2) vs. 0 (0,0); Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,1) vs. 0 (0,0); Burn CT9 group vs. Burn group, 0 (0,2) vs. 0 (0,0); all U = 20 and P = 0.076] but decreased in septic rats [Sepsis CT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 0 (0,0) vs. 0 (0,3), U = 20, P = 0.045]. The total amount of translocated bacteria, regardless of which antibiotic was used, was increased in burned rats [Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 2.389 (0,2.845) vs. 0 (0,2.301) Log10 colony-forming units (CFU)/g, U = 14, P = 0.034; Burn CT3 group vs. Burn group, 2.602 (0,3.633) vs. 0 (0,2.301) Log10 CFU/g, U = 10.5, P = 0.009], but there was a slightly decreased trend in septic rats [Sepsis IT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2.301 (2,3.146) vs. 0 (0,4.185) Log10 CFU/g, U = 36, P = 0.721; Sepsis CT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2 (0,3.279) vs. 0 (0,4.185) Log10 CFU/g, U = 32.5, P = 0.760]. Remarkably, the quantity of Enterococci spp. dramatically increased after broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment in both the burned and septic groups [Burn IT3 group vs. Burn group, 1 (0,5.164) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 16; Burn IT9 group vs. Burn group, 1 (0,2.845) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 16; Burn CT3 group vs. Burn group, 2.602 (0,3.633) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 8; Burn CT9 group vs. Burn group, 1 (0,4.326) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 16; Sepsis IT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 2.477 (0,2.903) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 4.5; Sepsis IT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2 (0,3.146) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 9; Sepsis CT3 group vs. Sepsis group, 1.151 (0,2.477) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 18; Sepsis CT9 group vs. Sepsis group, 2 (0,3) vs. 0 (0,0) Log10 CFU/g, U = 13.5; all P < 0.05].@*CONCLUSIONS@#Broad-spectrum antibiotics promote BT in burned rats but prevent BT in septic rats, especially preventing BT to distant organs, such as the liver and lung. Moreover, Enterococci spp. with high drug resistance and high pathogenicity translocated most after antibiotic treatment.

Curative Effect of YU Yun Pulse-feeling-based Acupuncture Therapy for Treatment of Middle-late Liver Cancer / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the curative effect of YU Yun pulse-feeling-based acupuncture therapy for the treatment of middle-late liver cancer. Methods A total of 60 middle-late liver cancer patients were divided into control group and treatment group by stratified randomization method,30 cases in each group. The control group was given integrated Chinese and western medicine therapy according to the clinical pathway, including anti-cancer treatment such as vascular interrention,molecular targeted therapy,chemotherapy,radio therapy, and focal ablation therapy,as well as chinese medicine treatment based on disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation. And the treatment group was given YU Yun pulse-feeling-based acupuncture therapy on the basis of treatment for the control group. The two groups received 12-week treatment, and then their curative effects were compared. Results The treatment group had better effect on increasing the survival rate, prolonging survival time, improving the scores of clinical symptoms, stabilizing tumor size, and increasing the scores of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS)than the control group,the difference being significant (P < 0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion YU Yun pulse-feeling-based acupuncture therapy exerts certain curative effect for the treatment of middle-late liver cancer.

A Metabonomics Study of Cervical Cancer by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

This work aims to analyZe and compare the potential biomarkers between cervical cancer ( CC ) patients and healthy controls (HC).The urine samples of 11 CC patients (age (45.65 ± 5.6) years) and 11 HC patients (age (45.9 ± 3.2) years) were collected.The metabolites of urine samples from CC and HC were analyZed by using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry ( UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS ) , which could provide evidence for early diagnose and disease pathway.The LC-MS data of urines were analyZed by principal components analysis ( PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis ( OPLS-DA) to identify the potential biomarkers.Urine samples of CC patients were successfully discirminated from those of healthy controls.A total of twelve significant metabolites were found and identified as potential biomarkers according to the established UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS and MS/MS method.Identification of biomarkers between CC and HC patients may play an important role in the study of mechanism of UC and its pathway.

Serum S100B as a brain injury marker after intracerebral hemorrhage / 国际脑血管病杂志

Cerebrospinal fluid and level of blood S100B protein are significantly higher in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage,which are associated the differentiation of stroke,damage of blood-brain barrier,hematoma volume,brain edema,degree of nerve function defect,and outcomes.Therefore,S100B is expected to be used in the diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage,assessment of injury and outcomes,and even as a biomarker of therapeutic targets.

The progress of interventional therapy time and influential factors in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 天津医药

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the most severe diseases that cause higher incidence and mortality. It is important to take effective clinical measures to improve the prognosis. Shortening the time of treatment is controllable in clinical work, which plays a key role in limiting and reducing the myocardial infarction size. This article summarized the interventional therapy time and influential factors in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, providing the basis for clinical application.

Detection of 10 anti-rheumatic constituents illegally added in Chinese traditional medicine and health products by UPLC-MS/MS / 药物评价研究

Objective To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of 10 anti-rheumatic constituents illegally added in Chinese traditional medicine and health products preparation.Methods The column was ACQUITY UPLC BEHC18 (50 mm× 2.1 mm,1.7 μm),The mobile phase was acetonitrile-Ammonium acetate solution (containing 0.1％ Acetic acid) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min.The ion source was electrospray ionization (ESI),Multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed to identify and quantify 10 anti-rheumatic constituents.Results 10 linear calibration curves were obtained with r ≥ 0.996 1.The recoveries were determinated at three concentration and ranged from 92.5％ to 101.8％.The precision of the method was shown by RSD (n =5) ranged from 0.9％ to 3.1％.The ranges of limit of detection were from 0.001 5 to 0.018 μg,and quantitation were from 0.004 5 to 0.55 μg.The illegally added chemicals were detected with 10 batches of 27 batches of samples.Conclusion The method were simple,sensitivity,accurate,and can be used to detect Anti-rheumatic constituents illegally added in Chinese traditional medicine and health products.

Suppression of mel18 enhances differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL60 induced by cinnamaldehyde / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of suppression of mel18 gene on the differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL 60 induced by cinnamaldehyde ( CA) .METHODS:HL60 cells were treated with low con-centration of CA or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).shRNAmel18 vector and shRNALuc control vector were employed to package lentiviruses which were then used to infect HL 60 cells.The virus-infected HL60 cells were treated with low con-centration of CA , and ATRA was used as a positive control of differentiation-inducing agent .The differentiation markers on the cell surface and cell cycle of virus-infected HL60 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry .Western blot was used to deter-mine the expression of MEL18, cyclin D1 and p27, as well as the phosphorylation level of Akt .RESULTS:Low concen-tration of CA and ATRA increased the expression of granulocytic differentiation marker CD 11b on the HL60 cells, with the decreased expression of MEL 18 in the HL60 cells.The expression of MEL18 decreased in shmel18 virus-infected HL60 cells (shmel18-HL60 cells), but did not change in shLuc-HL60 cells.The expression of CD11b on shmel18-HL60 cells increased with G 1-phase arrest , which went even higher after treatment with CA .The phosphorylation level of Akt and the expression of cyclin D1 decreased in shmel18-HL60 cells with the increase in the expression of p27.CONCLUSION:In-hibition of mel18 gene leads HL60 cell granulocytic differentiation .mel18 gene may affect the differentiation of HL 60 cells by regulating cyclin D1 and p27 via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is also involved in CA-in-duced differentiation of HL60 cells by suppressing mel18 gene expression.

Plasma level and activity of endotoxin in patients with ischemic stroke / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore plasma level and activity of endotoxin (LPS)in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). Methods:A total of 80 IS inpatients were regarded as stroke group,and another 50 healthy subjects were treated as healthy control group.Plasma levels of LPS,LPS binding protein (LBP)and sCD14 were measured and compared between healthy control group and IS group on 1d and 3d after stroke.Results:Compared with healthy control group,there were significant rise in plasma levels of LPS,LBP and sCD14 in stroke group on 1d and 3d,P <0.01 all;compared with 1d after stroke,there were significant rise in plasma levels of LPS [(0.29 ±0.07)U/ml vs. (0.38±0.05)U/ml],LBP [(22.13±2.75)μg/ml vs.(27.16±3.75)μg/ml]and sCD14 [(1251.11±179.79)ng/ml vs.(1472.29±158.18)ng/ml]in stroke group on 3d after stroke,P =0.001 all.Conclusion:Plasma level and activity of endotoxin significantly rise in patients with ischemic stroke.It helps clinical physicians to diagnose ische-mic stroke by measuring plasma level and activity of endotoxin.

Reflections on some problems in inheritance and innovation of Chinese materia medica / 中草药

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as the oldest and the most complete theoretical system with the largest number of users and most abundant varieties of medicinal materials in human history, has been playing a huge role in human development and progress. Based on the author's decades of experience in herbal medicine research, the following aspects including current situation and prospects of research on compound Chinese materia medica (CMM), concept of generalized CMM and diversity, personalized diagno-treatment of TCM, and quality standardization of CMM, prevention-prior to treatment and health-maintaining sciences, key factors affecting the efficacy of CMM, and to bring CMM to gentleman level are discussed. It is expected to promote the development and modernization of TCM.

Application of expression quantitative trait loci analysis in pharmacogenomics / 药学学报

In the era of genome-wide association study (GWAS), a large number of drug response-related loci have been identified in the non-coding sequences. The interpretation of these loci in mechanism is concerned with the effects on the mRNA expression level of these genes. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies indicate the relationship of genome variants and the level of mRNA. Its elucidation of the relationship between genetic variation and gene expression, gene interaction and gene regulatory network provides an efficacious mean for pharmacogenomics. The effects of gene polymorphism on drug responses have been unraveled thoroughly in studies which combined pharmacogenomics with eQTL and GWAS.

Suppression of mel18 enhances differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL60 induced by cinnamaldehyde / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of suppression of mel18 gene on the differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL 60 induced by cinnamaldehyde ( CA) .METHODS:HL60 cells were treated with low con-centration of CA or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).shRNAmel18 vector and shRNALuc control vector were employed to package lentiviruses which were then used to infect HL 60 cells.The virus-infected HL60 cells were treated with low con-centration of CA , and ATRA was used as a positive control of differentiation-inducing agent .The differentiation markers on the cell surface and cell cycle of virus-infected HL60 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry .Western blot was used to deter-mine the expression of MEL18, cyclin D1 and p27, as well as the phosphorylation level of Akt .RESULTS:Low concen-tration of CA and ATRA increased the expression of granulocytic differentiation marker CD 11b on the HL60 cells, with the decreased expression of MEL 18 in the HL60 cells.The expression of MEL18 decreased in shmel18 virus-infected HL60 cells (shmel18-HL60 cells), but did not change in shLuc-HL60 cells.The expression of CD11b on shmel18-HL60 cells increased with G 1-phase arrest , which went even higher after treatment with CA .The phosphorylation level of Akt and the expression of cyclin D1 decreased in shmel18-HL60 cells with the increase in the expression of p27.CONCLUSION:In-hibition of mel18 gene leads HL60 cell granulocytic differentiation .mel18 gene may affect the differentiation of HL 60 cells by regulating cyclin D1 and p27 via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is also involved in CA-in-duced differentiation of HL60 cells by suppressing mel18 gene expression.

Plasma level and activity of endotoxin in patients with ischemic stroke / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore plasma level and activity of endotoxin (LPS)in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). Methods:A total of 80 IS inpatients were regarded as stroke group,and another 50 healthy subjects were treated as healthy control group.Plasma levels of LPS,LPS binding protein (LBP)and sCD14 were measured and compared between healthy control group and IS group on 1d and 3d after stroke.Results:Compared with healthy control group,there were significant rise in plasma levels of LPS,LBP and sCD14 in stroke group on 1d and 3d,P <0.01 all;compared with 1d after stroke,there were significant rise in plasma levels of LPS [(0.29 ±0.07)U/ml vs. (0.38±0.05)U/ml],LBP [(22.13±2.75)μg/ml vs.(27.16±3.75)μg/ml]and sCD14 [(1251.11±179.79)ng/ml vs.(1472.29±158.18)ng/ml]in stroke group on 3d after stroke,P =0.001 all.Conclusion:Plasma level and activity of endotoxin significantly rise in patients with ischemic stroke.It helps clinical physicians to diagnose ische-mic stroke by measuring plasma level and activity of endotoxin.